美国学生历史 第122期:幸福时代(4)

 　　280. The Florida Treaty, 1819. 280．《佛罗里达条约》（1819年）

　　While this contest was going on, the United States bought of Spain a large tract¹ of land admirably suited to negro slavery. 在这场争议进行的同时，美国从西班牙买来一大块土地，巧妙地满足了黑人奴隶制。

　　This was Florida. It belonged to Spain and was a refuge for all sorts of people: runaway² negroes, fugitive³ Indians, smugglers, and criminals of all kinds. 这块地就是佛罗里达，它属于西班牙，本来是各种人的一个避难所，这些人包括逃亡的黑人、印第安人、走私分子以及各种罪犯。

　　Once in Florida, fugitives⁴ generally were safe. 一旦到了佛罗里达，这些逃亡者就安全了，

　　But they were not always safe. For instance, in 1818 General Jackson chased some fleeing Indians over the boundary. 但是，他们并非从此永远安全。例如，1818年杰克森将军越过国境追捕逃跑的印第安人，

　　They sought refuge in a Spanish fort, and Jackson was obliged to take the fort as well as the Indians. 这些印第安人在西班牙的一个要塞请求庇护，杰克森不得不同时对付这个要塞和那些印第安人。

　　This exploit made the Spaniards more willing to sell Florida. 这种英雄行为使得西班牙人更想卖掉佛罗里达，

　　The price was five million dollars. 价格是500万美元。

　　But when it came to giving up the province, the Spaniards found great difficulty in keeping their promises. 但是，当要放弃这个省时，西班牙人发现他们很难信守自己的诺言。

　　The treaty was made in 1819, but it was not until 1821 that Jackson, as governor of Florida, took possession of the new territory. 条约于1819年签订，但直到1821年杰克森作为佛罗里达的总督才占据了这块新土地，

　　Even then the Spanish governor refused to hand over the record books, and Jackson had to shut him up in prison until he became more reasonable. 即使到了这个时候西班牙总督也拒绝交出契约书，杰克森不得不把他关进监狱，并一直关到他遵守承诺。

　　281. The "Holy Alliance." 281．"神圣同盟"

　　Most of the people of the other Spanish colonies were rebelling against Spain, and there was a rebellion in Spain itself. 西班牙其他殖民地的人都在反叛西班牙，在西班牙国内也有叛乱。

　　There were rebellions in other European countries as well as in Spain. 如同在西班牙一样，其他欧洲国家也有叛乱。

　　In fact, there seemed to be a rebellious⁵ spirit nearly everywhere. 事实上，似乎各地都有一种叛乱精神，

　　This alarmed the European emperors and kings. 这在警告着欧洲的皇帝和国王。

　　With the exception of the British king, they joined together to put down rebellions. 除了英国国王，这些统治者都联合起来去平息叛乱，

　　They called their union the Holy Alliance. 他们把自己的这个结盟叫做"神圣同盟"。

　　They soon put the Spanish king back on his throne. 这些人很快就将西班牙国王重新扶到王位上，

　　They then thought that they would send warships⁶ and soldiers across the Atlantic Ocean to crush the rebellions in the Spanish colonies. 随后，这些人认为应该派军舰和士兵越过大西洋区摧毁在西班牙殖民地的叛乱。

1 tract   

n.传单，小册子，大片(土地或森林)

参考例句：

• He owns a large tract of forest.他拥有一大片森林。
• He wrote a tract on this subject.他曾对此写了一篇短文。

2 runaway   

n.逃走的人，逃亡，亡命者；adj.逃亡的，逃走的

参考例句：

• The police have not found the runaway to date.警察迄今没抓到逃犯。
• He was praised for bringing up the runaway horse.他勒住了脱缰之马受到了表扬。

3 fugitive   

adj.逃亡的，易逝的；n.逃犯，逃亡者

参考例句：

• The police were able to deduce where the fugitive was hiding.警方成功地推断出那逃亡者躲藏的地方。
• The fugitive is believed to be headed for the border.逃犯被认为在向国境线逃窜。

4 fugitives   

n.亡命者，逃命者( fugitive的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Three fugitives from the prison are still at large. 三名逃犯仍然未被抓获。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Members of the provisional government were prisoners or fugitives. 临时政府的成员或被捕或逃亡。 来自演讲部分

5 rebellious   

adj.造反的，反抗的，难控制的

参考例句：

• They will be in danger if they are rebellious.如果他们造反，他们就要发生危险。
• Her reply was mild enough,but her thoughts were rebellious.她的回答虽然很温和，但她的心里十分反感。

6 warships   

军舰，战舰( warship的名词复数 )； 舰只

参考例句：

• The enemy warships were disengaged from the battle after suffering heavy casualties. 在遭受惨重伤亡后，敌舰退出了海战。
• The government fitted out warships and sailors for them. 政府给他们配备了战舰和水手。