美国学生历史 第142期:民主党与辉格党(2)

 　　315. The Independent Treasury¹ System. 315．独立国库制度

　　What should be done with the government's money? 怎样处置政府的钱？

　　No one could think of depositing it with the state banks. 没有人再想把它存入州立银行，

　　Clay and his friends thought the best thing to do would be to establish a new United States Bank. 克雷和他的朋友们认为最好是建立一个新的国家银行，

　　But Van Buren was opposed to that. 但凡·伯伦反对这么做。

　　His plan, in short, was to build vaults² for storing money in Washington and in the leading cities. 简而言之，凡·伯伦的计划是在华盛顿和主要城市建立一些储存钱的地下室。

　　The main storehouse or Treasury was to be in Washington, subordinate storehouses or sub-treasuries were to be established in the other cities. 主要的储藏室抑或国库要建在华盛顿，分支储藏室或者分支国库建在其他城市。

　　To these sub-treasuries the collectors of customs would pay the money collected by them. 海关收税员将他们收来的钱交到分支国库，

　　In this way the government would become independent of the general business affairs of the country. 这样政府就独立于国家的基本商业活动之外。

　　In 1840 Congress passed an act for putting this plan into effect. 1840年，国会通过一项法案实施这个计划，

　　But before it was in working order, Van Buren was no longer President. 但这个计划还没有实施凡·伯伦就不再是总统了。

　　316. Democrats³ and Whigs. 316．民主党与辉格党

　　In the Era of Good Feeling there was but one party-the Republican party. 在"幸福时代"仅有一个党派--共和党，

　　In the confused times of 1824 the several sections of the party took the names of their party leaders: the Adams men, the Jackson men, the Clay men, and so on. 在混乱的1824年共和党的几个分支以他们的领导者的名义分离出来，这就是亚当斯派、克雷派等等。

　　Soon the Adams men and the Clay men began to act together and to call themselves National Republicans. 不久，亚当斯派与克雷派开始合并且自称为国家共和党，

　　They did because they wished to build up the nation's resources at the expense of the nation. 这么做是因为他们想用国家投入来增长国家财富。

　　The Jackson men called themselves Democratic Republicans, because they upheld the rights of the people. 杰克森派自称为民主共和党，因为他们支持人民的权力，

　　Before long they dropped the word "Republican" and called themselves simply Democrats. 不久他们放弃"共和"这个词，而自称为民主党，

　　The National Republicans dropped the whole of their name and took that of the great English liberal party-the Whigs. 而国家共和党也放弃原有名称而代之以"辉格党"，

　　This they did because they favored reform. 他们这么做是因为他们支持改革。

1 treasury   

n.宝库；国库，金库；文库

参考例句：

• The Treasury was opposed in principle to the proposals.财政部原则上反对这些提案。
• This book is a treasury of useful information.这本书是有价值的信息宝库。

2 vaults   

n.拱顶( vault的名词复数 )；地下室；撑物跳高；墓穴

参考例句：

• It was deposited in the vaults of a bank. 它存在一家银行的保险库里。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• They think of viruses that infect an organization from the outside.They envision hackers breaking into their information vaults. 他们考虑来自外部的感染公司的病毒，他们设想黑客侵入到信息宝库中。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》