美国学生历史 第145期:民主党与辉格党(5)

 　　320. Treaty¹ with Great Britain, 1842. 320．与大不列颠签订条约（1842年）

　　Perhaps the most important event of Tyler's administration² was the signing of the Treaty of 1842 with Great Britain. 也许泰勒政府最重要的一件事是1842年与大不列颠签订条约，

　　Ever since the Treaty of Peace of 1783, there had been a dispute³ over the northeastern boundary of Maine. 自从1783年《和平条约》签订以来，双方一直存在关于缅因东北部边界的争议，

　　If the boundary had been run according to the plain meaning of the Treaty of Peace, 如果这个边界是《和平条约》中简单界定的样子，

　　the people of Upper Canada would have found it almost impossible to reach New Brunswick or Nova Scotia in winter. 居住在加拿大高纬度地区的人就不可能到达新不伦瑞克或者诺瓦斯科夏。

　　At that time of the year the St. Lawrence is frozen⁴ over, and the true northern boundary of Maine ran so near to the St. Lawrence that it was difficult to build a road which would be wholly⁵ in British territory. 每年的冬季圣劳伦斯河会结冰，缅因州实际的北部边界非常接近于圣劳伦斯河，甚至难于修建一条完全属于英国领土的路，

　　So the British had tried in every way to avoid settling the matter. 因此英国极力避免解决这个问题。

　　It was now arranged that the United States should have a little piece of Canada north of Vermont and New York and should give up the extreme northeastern corner of Maine. 现在双方议定美国拥有福蒙特和纽约州以北加拿大的一小块土地，并放弃缅因州最东北角的土地，

　　It was also agreed that criminals escaping from one country to the other should be returned. 还议定两个国家相互遣返逃跑的罪犯，

　　A still further agreement was made for checking the slave trade from the coast of western Africa. 另一个进一步的协定是阻止来自非洲西海岸的奴隶贸易。

　　321. The Electric Telegraph⁶. 321．电报

　　Benjamin Franklin and Joseph Henry made great discoveries in electricity. 本杰明o富兰克林和约瑟夫o亨利有一些关于电的伟大发现，

　　But Samuel F. B. Morse was the first to use electricity in a practical way. 但是，萨缪尔oFoBo摩尔斯才是第一个将电应用于实践的人。

　　Morse found out that if a man at one end of a line of wire pressed down a key, electricity could be made at the same moment to press down another key at the other end of the line of wire. 摩尔斯发现，如果一个人在一个导线的一端按下一个键，产生的电流会立刻按下导线另一端的另一个键，

1 treaty   

n.条约；协议，协定

参考例句：

• Hungary has indicated its readiness to sign the treaty.匈牙利已表示愿意签订该条约。
• I believe this treaty will pave the way to peace in Europe. 我相信这个条约将为欧洲的和平铺平道路。

2 administration   

n.经营，管理；行政，行政机关，管理部门

参考例句：

• Who is in charge of the administration of your company?你们公司的行政工作由谁负责？
• The teachers are responsible to the school administration.教师向学校行政负责。

3 dispute   

n.争端，分歧；v.争论，争吵，辩论，辩驳

参考例句：

• They are trying to find a way of settling the dispute.他们正设法寻找解决争端的办法。
• The parties to the dispute should be more polite to each other.争执双方应相互礼貌些。

4 frozen   

adj.冻结的，冰冻的

参考例句：

• He was frozen to death on a snowing night.在一个风雪的晚上，他被冻死了。
• The weather is cold and the ground is frozen.天寒地冻。

5 wholly   

adv.完全地，全部地

参考例句：

• I wholly agree with you.我完全同意你。
• His story is wholly fictitious.他的故事全是编造的。

6 telegraph   

n.电报，电报机；v.打电报，显示

参考例句：

• A new telegraph line has been set up between the two cities.那两个城市之间架设了一条新的电报线。
• Telegraph communication was broken off.电讯中断了。