美国学生历史 第159期:1850年的折中法案(2)

 He was in favor of "squatter¹ sovereignty," that is, allowing the people of each territory to have slavery or not as they chose. 他赞同"主权自由"，即允许各地对是否拥有奴隶制做出自己的选择。

The Whig candidate was General Taylor, the victor of Buena Vista². 辉格党的候选人是泰勒将军，他是布纳维斯塔战役的胜利者，

The Whigs put forth³ no statement of principles. 辉格党没有拿出一些基本原则。

The third candidate was Martin Van Buren, already once President.  第三个候选者是马丁·凡·伯伦，他已经做过一任总统，

Although a Democrat⁴, he did not favor the extension of slavery. 尽管是一个民主党人，他不支持奴隶制的扩张。

He was nominated by Democrats⁵ who did not believe in "squatter sovereignty," and by a new party which called itself the Free Soil party. 那些不相信"主权自由"的民主党和自称为"自由土地党"的人提名他为总统。

The abolitionists or Liberty party also nominated a candidate, but he withdrew in favor of Van Buren. 废奴主义者和自由党也提名一个候选人，但是他退出，转而支持凡o伯伦。

The Whigs had nominated Millard Fillmore of New York for Vice-President. 辉格党提名纽约的米勒德·菲尔莫尔为副总统候选人，

He attracted to the Whig ticket a good many votes in New York. 此人在纽约获得辉格党的大量投票。

Van Buren also drew a good many votes from the Democrats. 凡o伯伦也得到了民主党的很多投票。

In this way New York was carried for Taylor and Fillmore. 这样纽约就支持泰勒和菲尔莫尔。

This decided⁶ the election, and the Whig candidates were chosen. 这决定了大选，辉格党的候选者当选。

342. California. 342．加利福尼亚

Before the treaty of peace with Mexico was ratified⁷, even before it was signed, gold was discovered in California. 在批准与墨西哥签订的和平条约之前，甚至在这个条约签订之前，人们就在加利福尼亚发现了黄金。

Reports of the discovery soon reached the towns on the western seacoast. 关于这个发现的报告很快传到西部海岸的各个城镇，

At once men left whatever they were doing and hastened to the hills to dig for gold. 人们立刻放下手头在做的事赶到山区去淘金。

Months later rumors⁸ of this discovery began to reach the eastern part of the United States. 几个月之后，关于这个发现的传闻到达美国东部地区。

1 squatter   

n.擅自占地者

参考例句：

• The squatter settlements originally came into being through illegal land invasions. 违章建筑区最初是通过非法的土地占有而形成的。
• Squatter control is maintained by regular patrols and hut-to-hut checks. 当局定期逐户视察所有寮屋，以收管制之效。

2 vista   

n.远景，深景，展望，回想

参考例句：

• From my bedroom window I looked out on a crowded vista of hills and rooftops.我从卧室窗口望去，远处尽是连绵的山峦和屋顶。
• These uprisings come from desperation and a vista of a future without hope.发生这些暴动是因为人们被逼上了绝路，未来看不到一点儿希望。

3 forth   

adv.向前；向外，往外

参考例句：

• The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
• He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。

4 democrat   

n.民主主义者，民主人士；民主党党员

参考例句：

• The Democrat and the Public criticized each other.民主党人和共和党人互相攻击。
• About two years later,he was defeated by Democrat Jimmy Carter.大约两年后，他被民主党人杰米卡特击败。

5 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

7 ratified   

v.批准，签认（合约等）( ratify的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The treaty was declared invalid because it had not been ratified. 条约没有得到批准，因此被宣布无效。
• The treaty was ratified by all the member states. 这个条约得到了所有成员国的批准。

8 rumors   

n.传闻( rumor的名词复数 )；[古]名誉；咕哝；[古]喧嚷v.传闻( rumor的第三人称单数 )；[古]名誉；咕哝；[古]喧嚷

参考例句：

• Rumors have it that the school was burned down. 有谣言说学校给烧掉了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Rumors of a revolt were afloat. 叛变的谣言四起。 来自《简明英汉词典》