美国学生历史 第160期:1850年的折中法案(3)

 At first people paid little attention to them. 开始时人们不太关注这些传言，

But when President Polk said that gold had been found, people began to think that it must be true. 但当珀尔卡总统说找到黄金时，人们开始相信果真如此。

Soon hundreds of gold-seekers started for California. 很快数以百计的淘金者向加利福尼亚进发，

Then thousands became eager to go. 然后有数以千计的人急于赶往加利福尼亚。

These first comers were called the Forty-Niners, because most of them came in the year 1849. 这些首批到达加利福尼亚的人被叫做"旧金山四九人"，因为他们大多数是在1849年赶到加利福尼亚。

By the end of that year there were eighty thousand immigrants in California. 截止到这一年年底，有8万移民入住加利福尼亚。

343. California seeks Admission to the Union. 343．加利福尼亚申请加入联邦

There were eighty thousand white people in California, and they had almost no government of any kind. 加利福尼亚有8万白人，他们几乎不属于任何政府，

So in November, 1849, they held a convention, drew up a constitution, and demanded admission the Union as a state. 因此，在1849年11月，这些人召开一次大会，他们起草一份章程并要求作为一个州加入联邦。

The peculiar¹ thing about this constitution was that it forbade slavery in California. 这个章程的特别之处在于它在加利福尼亚禁止奴隶制。

Many of the Forty-Niners were Southerners. 许多"旧金山四九人"都是南方人，

But even they did not want slavery. 但他们仍然不想要奴隶制，

The reason was that they wished to dig in the earth and win gold. 原因在于他们希望亲自在土里挖掘并获得黄金；

They would not allow slave holders² to work their mining claims with slave labor³, 这些人不允许奴隶主指使奴隶来采矿，

for free white laborers⁴ had never been able to work alongside of negro slaves. 因为自由的白人劳动力从来没有与黑奴并肩劳动过，

So they did not want slavery in California. 因此他们不希望加利福尼亚有奴隶制。

344. A Divided Country. 344．被分裂的国家

This action of the people of California at once brought the question of slavery before the people. 加利福尼亚人的行为立刻将奴隶制问题呈现在人们面前，

Many Southerners were eager to found a slave confederacy apart from the Union. 许多南方人急于离开联邦而组建一个奴隶联邦；

Many abolitionists were eager to found a free republic in the North. 许多废奴主义者急于在北方建立一个自由的共和政体。

1 peculiar   

adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的

参考例句：

• He walks in a peculiar fashion.他走路的样子很奇特。
• He looked at me with a very peculiar expression.他用一种很奇怪的表情看着我。

2 holders   

支持物( holder的名词复数 )； 持有者； （支票等）持有人； 支托（或握持）…之物

参考例句：

• Slaves were mercilessly ground down by slave holders. 奴隶受奴隶主的残酷压迫。
• It is recognition of compassion's part that leads the up-holders of capital punishment to accuse the abolitionists of sentimentality in being more sorry for the murderer than for his victim. 正是对怜悯的作用有了认识，才使得死刑的提倡者指控主张废除死刑的人感情用事，同情谋杀犯胜过同情受害者。

3 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

4 laborers   

n.体力劳动者，工人( laborer的名词复数 )；（熟练工人的）辅助工

参考例句：

• Laborers were trained to handle 50-ton compactors and giant cranes. 工人们接受操作五十吨压土机和巨型起重机的训练。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• Wage-labour rests exclusively on competition between the laborers. 雇佣劳动完全是建立在工人的自相竞争之上的。 来自英汉非文学 - 共产党宣言