2020年CRI 2位科学家因基因编辑工具获得诺贝尔化学奖 中国或将成今年唯一正增长的主要经济体

China's embassy in Japan has slammed U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo's accusations¹ against China over issues related to the East and South China Seas, cyber security and China-India regional conflicts.

Pompeo made the remarks during an interview on the sidelines of a "Quad²" meeting in Tokyo with the foreign ministers of Japan, India and Australia.

A spokesperson from the Chinese embassy accused Pompeo of "maliciously³ creating political confrontation⁴" and urged the U.S. side to abandon its Cold War mentality⁵.

U.S. President Donald Trump⁶ has returned to the Oval Office for the first time since he was diagnosed with COVID-19.

He came back to the White House after a three-day hospitalization and had been working from a makeshift office space on the ground floor of his residence.

White House Deputy Press Secretary Brian Morgenstern says they have safety measures in place for the president to work from the Oval Office.

"We have PPE that we can use and we can interact with him standing⁷ back like you're standing back from me. And people can wear masks or goggles⁸ or gloves or whatever may be needed, we have CDC (Centers for Disease Control) guidelines. So when he's ready, and the White House and the West Wing are deep cleaned on a regular basis."

Morgenstern says Trump is being briefed on economic stimulus⁹ talks and a potentially devastating¹⁰ hurricane heading toward the Gulf¹¹ Coast.

White House physician Sean Conley earlier said Trump had been "symptom-free for over 24 hours."

He wrote in a memo¹² that his physical exam and vital signs all remain stable and in normal range.

Conley disclosed that the president has been fever-free for more than 4 days and has not needed nor received any supplemental oxygen since his initial hospitalization.

Two scientists have won this year's Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their discovery on gene¹³ editing.

Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna were awarded for the development of a method for genome editing.

The scientists discovered "genetic¹⁵ scissors" that can be used to change the DNA¹⁴ of animals, plants and microorganisms with extremely high precision.

The tool can serve as a molecular¹⁶ scalpel for DNA to disable or repair a mutated part of the gene which may cause illness.

Charpentier says the tool might help scientists to develop vaccines¹⁷ for COVID-19.

Doudna says their discovery may even give plants or insects abilities to better withstand the impacts of climate change.

The Nobel Prize in Physiology¹⁸ or Medicine and the one in Physics were awarded earlier this week.

The former Minneapolis police officer charged with the death of George Floyd has been released from a correctional facility after posting a bond of one million U.S. dollars.

Derek Chauvin was released on conditions including prohibitions¹⁹ against working in law enforcement and contact with Floyd's family.

Chauvin is also required to surrender any licenses²⁰ or permits for firearms.

The white former police officer was charged with second- and third-degree murder and manslaughter in the Black man's death.

Videos of the incident showing the officer kneeling on Floyd's neck during an arrest set off nationwide protests over police brutality²¹ and racism²².

Global economic output is expected to decline by 4.4 percent this year.

A survey of 950 economic experts from 110 countries says almost 20 percent of the experts forecasted that it will be 2023 before the global economy fully²³ recovers.

China is the only major economy for which the experts are forecasting positive growth for this year, with GDP increasing by an estimated 2.3 percent.

The United States will see GDP fall by 6.5 percent while the economy in the European Union is expected to shrink by 8.4 percent.

The World Trade Organization earlier said global trade is expected to fall 9.2 percent this year.

It revised its April prediction when it said the volume of merchandise trade will decline by between 13 and 32 percent this year.

A team of Chinese medical experts has arrived in Angola to help the African country combat COVID-19.

The team from Hubei Province consists of 10 experts specializing in respiratory diseases, infectious diseases, intensive care, disease control, and traditional Chinese medicine.

All of them have frontline experience fighting COVID-19 in Hubei Province.

They will spend two weeks in Angola, share China's experience in containing COVID-19 with local medical staff, and train local medics on the diagnosis²⁴ and treatment of patients.

中国驻日本大使馆抨击美国国务卿蓬佩奥在中国东海、南海、网络安全及中印地区冲突等问题上对中国的指责。

蓬佩奥在东京与日本、印度和澳大利亚外长举行四方会谈期间接受采访时发表了上述言论。

中国大使馆发言人指责蓬佩奥“恶意制造政治对抗”，并敦促美方放弃冷战思维。

美国总统唐纳德·特朗普自被诊断出感染新冠肺炎以来首次回到美国总统办公室。

经过三天的住院治疗后，他回到了白宫，并一直在住所一层的临时办公室里工作。

白宫副新闻秘书布赖恩·摩根斯坦称，他们已经为总统在办公室工作做好了安全措施。

“我们有可以使用的个人防护装备，我们可以站在后面和他互动，就像你站在我后面一样。人们可以戴口罩、护目镜、手套或者任何需要的东西，我们有（执行）美国疾病控制与预防中心的指导方针。所以，当他准备好时，白宫和白宫西翼就会被定期彻底打扫。”

摩根斯坦称，特朗普将听取有关经济刺激计划的简报，以及一些潜在的正在逼近墨西哥湾沿岸地区的破坏性飓风。

白宫医生肖恩·康利早些时候表示，特朗普已经“24小时没有出现症状”。

他在一份备忘录中写道，特朗普的体检和生命体征都保持稳定在正常范围内。

康利透露，自从首次住院以来，总统已经超过4天没有发烧，不需要也不用吸氧。

两位科学家因在“基因编辑”方面的发现而荣获今年的诺贝尔化学奖。

玛纽埃勒·沙尔庞捷和珍妮弗·道德纳因开发出一种基因组编辑方法而获奖。

两位科学家发现了“基因剪刀”，可以用极高的精确度改变动物、植物和微生物的DNA。

该工具可以作为分子手术刀，使基因中可能导致疾病的突变部分失效或进行修复。

沙尔庞捷表示，该工具可能帮助科学家开发新冠肺炎疫苗。

道德纳表示，她们的发现甚至可能赋予植物和昆虫更好地抵御气候变化影响的能力。

诺贝尔生理学或医学奖以及诺贝尔物理学奖于本周早些时候颁发。

被控杀害乔治·弗洛伊德的前明尼阿波利斯警察在缴纳100万美元保证金后从监狱获释。

德里克·肖万被释放的条件包括禁止在执法部门工作，禁止与弗洛伊德家人接触等。

肖万还被要求交出任何枪支许可证。

这名前白人警察在这起黑人死亡事件中被控二级谋杀、三级谋杀以及二级过失杀人罪。

该事件的视频显示，这名警察在逮捕过程中跪在弗洛伊德颈部，这引发了全美范围对警察暴行和种族主义的抗议。

预计今年全球经济将萎缩4.4%。

一项对来自110个国家950名经济专家的调查显示，近两成专家预计全球经济要到2023年才能彻底恢复。

专家预测，中国是今年唯一一个实现正增长的主要经济体，预计GDP将增长2.3%。

预计美国和欧盟的经济今年将分别萎缩6.5%和8.4%。

世界贸易组织早些时候表示，预计今年全球贸易将下降9.2%。

这修正了4月份的预测，当时预测结果称今年的商品贸易将下滑13%到32%。

中国医疗专家组已经抵达安哥拉，帮助这个非洲国家抗击新冠肺炎。

这个专家组由湖北省选派，10名成员来自外科、呼吸科、重症医学科、感染科、检验科、中医内科等领域。

所有专家组成员均有湖北省抗疫的一线经验。

他们将在安哥拉开展为其两周的工作，与当地医务人员分享中国防治新冠肺炎的经验，对当地医务人员进行诊治培训。

1 accusations   

n.指责( accusation的名词复数 )；指控；控告；（被告发、控告的）罪名

参考例句：

• There were accusations of plagiarism. 曾有过关于剽窃的指控。
• He remained unruffled by their accusations. 对于他们的指控他处之泰然。

2 quad   

n.四方院；四胞胎之一；v.在…填补空铅

参考例句：

• His rooms were on the left-hand side of the quad.他的房间位于四方院的左侧。
• She is a 34-year-old mother of quads.她是个生了四胞胎的34岁的母亲。

3 maliciously   

adv.有敌意地

参考例句：

• He was charged with maliciously inflicting grievous bodily harm. 他被控蓄意严重伤害他人身体。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• His enemies maliciously conspired to ruin him. 他的敌人恶毒地密谋搞垮他。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

4 confrontation   

n.对抗，对峙，冲突

参考例句：

• We can't risk another confrontation with the union.我们不能冒再次同工会对抗的危险。
• After years of confrontation,they finally have achieved a modus vivendi.在对抗很长时间后，他们最后达成安宁生存的非正式协议。

5 mentality   

n.心理，思想，脑力

参考例句：

• He has many years'experience of the criminal mentality.他研究犯罪心理有多年经验。
• Running a business requires a very different mentality from being a salaried employee.经营企业所要求具备的心态和上班族的心态截然不同。

6 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

7 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

8 goggles   

n.护目镜

参考例句：

• Skiers wear goggles to protect their eyes from the sun.滑雪者都戴上护目镜使眼睛不受阳光伤害。
• My swimming goggles keep steaming up so I can't see.我的护目镜一直有水雾，所以我看不见。

9 stimulus   

n.刺激，刺激物，促进因素，引起兴奋的事物

参考例句：

• Regard each failure as a stimulus to further efforts.把每次失利看成对进一步努力的激励。
• Light is a stimulus to growth in plants.光是促进植物生长的一个因素。

10 devastating   

adj.毁灭性的，令人震惊的，强有力的

参考例句：

• It is the most devastating storm in 20 years.这是20年来破坏性最大的风暴。
• Affairs do have a devastating effect on marriages.婚外情确实会对婚姻造成毁灭性的影响。

11 gulf   

n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂

参考例句：

• The gulf between the two leaders cannot be bridged.两位领导人之间的鸿沟难以跨越。
• There is a gulf between the two cities.这两座城市间有个海湾。

12 memo   

n.照会，备忘录；便笺；通知书；规章

参考例句：

• Do you want me to send the memo out?您要我把这份备忘录分发出去吗？
• Can you type a memo for me?您能帮我打一份备忘录吗？

13 gene   

n.遗传因子，基因

参考例句：

• A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
• The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。

14 DNA   

(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸

参考例句：

• DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
• Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。

15 genetic   

adj.遗传的，遗传学的

参考例句：

• It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
• Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。

16 molecular   

adj.分子的；克分子的

参考例句：

• The research will provide direct insight into molecular mechanisms.这项研究将使人能够直接地了解分子的机理。
• For the pressure to become zero, molecular bombardment must cease.当压强趋近于零时，分子的碰撞就停止了。

17 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

18 physiology   

n.生理学，生理机能

参考例句：

• He bought a book about physiology.他买了一本生理学方面的书。
• He was awarded the Nobel Prize for achievements in physiology.他因生理学方面的建树而被授予诺贝尔奖。

19 prohibitions   

禁令，禁律( prohibition的名词复数 )； 禁酒； 禁例

参考例句：

• Nowadays NO PARKING is the most ubiquitous of prohibitions. 今天，“NO PARKING”（禁止停车），几乎成了到处可见的禁止用语了。
• Inappropriate, excessive or capricious administration of aversive stimulation has led to scandals, lawsuits and prohibitions. 不恰当的、过度的或随意滥用厌恶性刺激会引起人们的反感、控告与抵制。

20 licenses   

n.执照( license的名词复数 )v.批准，许可，颁发执照( license的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• Drivers have ten days' grace to renew their licenses. 驾驶员更换执照有10天的宽限期。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• Jewish firms couldn't get import or export licenses or raw materials. 犹太人的企业得不到进出口许可证或原料。 来自辞典例句

21 brutality   

n.野蛮的行为，残忍，野蛮

参考例句：

• The brutality of the crime has appalled the public. 罪行之残暴使公众大为震惊。
• a general who was infamous for his brutality 因残忍而恶名昭彰的将军

22 racism   

n.民族主义；种族歧视(意识)

参考例句：

• He said that racism is endemic in this country.他说种族主义在该国很普遍。
• Racism causes political instability and violence.种族主义道致政治动荡和暴力事件。

23 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

24 diagnosis   

n.诊断，诊断结果，调查分析，判断

参考例句：

• His symptoms gave no obvious pointer to a possible diagnosis.他的症状无法作出明确的诊断。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做一次彻底的调查分析。