新闻周刊:特朗普女儿伊万卡获最高机密安全许可引质疑(2)

Bradley Moss¹, a partner at the Washington, D.C., law office of Mark S. Zaid, P.C., and an expert whose specialties² include national security and security clearance³ law, told Newsweek that top-secret clearance did not necessarily give the couple free-rein access to America’s most potent⁴ secrets.

布拉德利·莫斯是华盛顿特区的一位律师事务所合伙人，在接受《新闻周刊》采访时，这位专长国家安全和安全审查法律的专家表示，最高机密审查并不一定能让这对夫妇自由获取美国最强大的秘密。

The status “does not mean you have a need to know all information classified up to that level,” Moss said. “Your specific need-to-know information will be based upon your particular work responsibilities and requirements. Classified information is classified information, whether it concerns foreign affairs, economic matters or military matters.”

莫斯说，这一状态“并不意味着你有必要知道所有机密信息。”“需要了解的具体信息将基于特定工作职责和需求。机密信息是有等级的，无论是外交、经济还是军事问题。”

While top secret is, technically⁵, the very highest level of classification, Moss emphasized that there were additional “compartmentalized levels of access” sometimes put above top secret, known as Sensitive Compartmented Information and Special Access Programs.

虽然从技术上讲，绝密是最高级别的分类，但莫斯强调，有时在绝密之上还有额外的“划分访问级别”，即敏感的划分信息和特殊的访问程序。

Some observers have questioned whether Kushner and Ivanka Trump⁶ even need such high-level clearance. But the nuanced day-to-day business of the White House means that some senior officials must be able to handle classified information.

一些观察人士质疑库什纳和伊万卡·特朗普是否需要这样的高层批准。但白宫微妙的日常事务意味着，一些高级官员必须能够处理机密信息。

Moss explained, “The press secretary needs to be able to sit in on and provide input⁷ on policy matters, including with respect to foreign policy. Senior advisers⁸ with 'walk-in' privileges to the Oval Office need to be able to execute that privilege without concern for what particular meeting might be going on or documents might be visible at the time.

莫斯解释说:“新闻秘书需要能够旁听并就政策问题提供意见，包括外交政策。拥有进入美国总统办公室特权的高级顾问需要能够行使这一特权，而不必担心特定的会议可能正在进行，或者文件可能会在那个时候被看到。

“Ultimately, the level of access to which you are granted eligibility⁹ is supposed to be based upon the specific requirements of your position,” Moss said.

“最终，你被授予资格的访问级别应该基于职位的具体要求，”莫斯表示。

Regardless of their requirements, Aileen B. Xenakis—an associate counsel at Washington, D.C., law firm Bigley Ranish, LLP, which specializes in security clearance matters—told Newsweek, “Politics—whichever side of the aisle¹⁰ one is on—have no business being tied up in the security clearance process.”

艾琳·B·谢纳基斯是华盛顿特区的一名专门处理安全许可事宜助理律师在接受《新闻周刊》采访时表示，不管他们的要求如何，“无论是哪一方的政客，都不应该被牵扯到安全审查过程中。”

“The American public needs to be able to trust in the integrity of the adjudications process,” Xenakis added. “We all need to feel secure that objective professionals will adjudicate these cases based on the facts and the governing policy—not based on any bias¹¹, or on an outlier source like family connections or even on the undue¹² influence of, for example, a powerful commander insisting that someone particularly skilled needs to get back to work ASAP.

“美国公众需要能够信任裁决过程的完整性，”谢纳基斯补充道。“我们都需要确信，客观的专业人士将根据事实和管理政策来裁决这些案件——不是基于任何偏见，也不是基于像家庭关系这样的异常来源，甚至不是基于例如，一个有权势的指挥官坚持要求某个特别有技能的人尽快回去工作。”

1 moss   

n.苔，藓，地衣

参考例句：

• Moss grows on a rock.苔藓生在石头上。
• He was found asleep on a pillow of leaves and moss.有人看见他枕着树叶和苔藓睡着了。

2 specialties   

n.专门，特性，特别；专业( specialty的名词复数 )；特性；特制品；盖印的契约

参考例句：

• Great Books are popular, not pedantic. They are not written by specialists about specialties for specialists. 名著绝不引经据典，艰深难懂，而是通俗易读。它们不是专家为专业人员撰写的专业书籍。 来自英汉 - 翻译样例 - 文学
• Brain drains may represent a substantial reduction in some labor force skills and specialties. 智力外流可能表示某种劳动力技能和特长大量减少。 来自辞典例句

3 clearance   

n.净空；许可(证)；清算；清除，清理

参考例句：

• There was a clearance of only ten centimetres between the two walls.两堵墙之间只有十厘米的空隙。
• The ship sailed as soon as it got clearance. 那艘船一办好离港手续立刻启航了。

4 potent   

adj.强有力的，有权势的；有效力的

参考例句：

• The medicine had a potent effect on your disease.这药物对你的病疗效很大。
• We must account of his potent influence.我们必须考虑他的强有力的影响。

5 technically   

adv.专门地，技术上地

参考例句：

• Technically it is the most advanced equipment ever.从技术上说，这是最先进的设备。
• The tomato is technically a fruit,although it is eaten as a vegetable.严格地说，西红柿是一种水果，尽管它是当作蔬菜吃的。

6 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

7 input   

n.输入(物)；投入；vt.把(数据等)输入计算机

参考例句：

• I will forever be grateful for his considerable input.我将永远感激他的大量投入。
• All this information had to be input onto the computer.所有这些信息都必须输入计算机。

8 advisers   

顾问，劝告者( adviser的名词复数 )； （指导大学新生学科问题等的）指导教授

参考例句：

• a member of the President's favoured circle of advisers 总统宠爱的顾问班子中的一员
• She withdrew to confer with her advisers before announcing a decision. 她先去请教顾问然后再宣布决定。

9 eligibility   

n.合格，资格

参考例句：

• What are the eligibility requirements? 病人被选参加试验的要求是什么？ 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 回顾与展望
• Eligibility for HINARI access is based on gross national income (GNI). 进入HINARI获取计划是依据国民总收入来评定的。

10 aisle   

n.（教堂、教室、戏院等里的）过道，通道

参考例句：

• The aisle was crammed with people.过道上挤满了人。
• The girl ushered me along the aisle to my seat.引座小姐带领我沿着通道到我的座位上去。

11 bias   

n.偏见，偏心，偏袒；vt.使有偏见

参考例句：

• They are accusing the teacher of political bias in his marking.他们在指控那名教师打分数有政治偏见。
• He had a bias toward the plan.他对这项计划有偏见。

12 undue   

adj.过分的；不适当的；未到期的

参考例句：

• Don't treat the matter with undue haste.不要过急地处理此事。
• It would be wise not to give undue importance to his criticisms.最好不要过分看重他的批评。